Five Most Famous Equations Of Physics

We can imagine science as a tree and physics as its branch. Physics always wants to understand and explain the nature and various mysterious natural phenomena of the universe in the form of mathematical equations. Many physicists have given many precious laws and equations in the quest to understand the universe. In this article, you are gonna know about 5 most important laws and equations that changed the world and our perception of seeing the world.

1.Bernoulli’s equation:

It was Daniel Bernoulli, a Swiss physicist who published this equation in his book Hydrodynamica.This equation has a mathematical conclusion that if the velocity of the fluid particles increases, it causes in decrease in pressure. It has the mathematical form;

This equation can explain how;

i.The airplane flies:

The wings of the airplane have a special aerodynamical shape. When the air molecules move on the upper part of the wing it has to cover more path as compared to that going below. It causes an increase in the velocity of air in the upper part and a decrease in pressure. So the upper part has low pressure and the lower part has high pressure. This creates an upward lift force and an airplane flies.

ii.Roofs of houses are blown off in storm:

When a strong wind blows upon the roof it creates low pressure. The pressure below the roof is at normal atmospheric pressure. This pressure difference creates an upward force & the roof is blown off.

2.Einstein’s mass-energy equation (1905):–

This equation was given by Albert Einstein from the special theory of relativity. This equation gives the idea about the conversion of mass into energy and vice versa. It has the mathematical form;

 Where c is the speed of light in vacuum. As the speed of light has a large value so even a small amount of mass can create a large amount of energy. This equation is mainly used in the realm of nuclear physics. The construction of nuclear weapons, nuclear reactors are based upon this equation.

3.Newton’s law of universal gravitation (1687):–

This is the lawabout something that we experience with every jump i.e gravity. This law was stated by Sir Isaac Newton. He stated that every object in this universe attracts other objects towards its center. This attractive force is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centres. Mathematically it is given by;

G: gravitational constant and has the value of 6.67*10^-8 dyne.cm²*g^-2 , M & m are the masses of the two bodies, r: the distance between two centres. This force acts along the straight line connecting the centres of two bodies. This force is the weakest force among the four basic forces in nature. This law explains why all the things on earth are attracted towards the center of the earth. It explains why earth and other planets revolve around the sun. Launching of space shuttles, satellites, etc. is based upon this law. But how the gravity works is explained by Einstein’s assumption of space-time curvature produced by massive objects.

4.Schrodinger’s equation:–

The realm of physics that changed our perception to observe the universe is Quantum Mechanics. It studies the behaviour of microparticle that we can’t see and feel. Erwin Schrodinger formulated an equation that serves as the fundamental equation in Quantum Mechanics.

The solution of Schrodinger’s equation for different quantum mechanical systems with proper boundary conditions will produce a wave function which will describe the behaviour of the corresponding quantum mechanical system. This equation is used to find the allowed energy levels of quantum mechanical systems. It also describes how the wavefunction behaves with time.

5.Faraday’s Law of electromagnetic induction:–

 This law was given by Michael Faraday. He stated that if the flux linked with a coil changes an e.m.f is produced across the coil and if the circuit is closed a current flows through the coil. The e.m.f produced is equals to the rate of change of magnetic flux linked with the coil i.e.;

Wireless power transmission like wireless charging provided by smartphone brands, dynamo, generator, etc. is based on this principle.

So, this was a brief discussion about these five equations. There are many principles and equations in physics. But these five are probably the most famous and important equations, you should know as a physics lover.